How to revert to Octave 5.2?

Since the commit does in fact not exist (execute remote-info --verbose to show the url it tries to access) I’d assume that it was deleted, see Availability of old versions of a Flatpak at Flathub.

flatpak uses local data of the commit if available (you’ll see this with --verbose, too).
But you can try to export the desired version to move it between the computers:
https://docs.flatpak.org/en/latest/usb-drives.html
https://docs.flatpak.org/en/latest/single-file-bundles.html

The only other option I see is to build it yourself.